孔子（公元前551年9月28日―公元前479年4月11日）[1][2]，子姓，[3]孔氏，名丘，字仲尼[4]，春秋末期鲁国陬邑人（今山东曲阜），祖籍宋国栗邑（今河南夏邑）[5]。孔子是中国古代著名思想家、教育家，他开创了私人讲学的风气，倡导仁、义、礼、智、信，是儒家学派创始人。

Confucius was a Chinese teacher, editor, politician, and philosopher of the Spring and Autumn period of Chinese history.

孔子曾受业于老子，带领部分弟子周游列国十四年，晚年修订六经，即《诗》《书》《礼》《乐》《易》《春秋》。相传他有弟子三千，其中贤人七十二。孔子去世后，其弟子及其再传弟子把孔子及其弟子的言行语录和思想记录下来，整理编成儒家经典《论语》。

孔子在古代被尊奉为“天纵之圣”、“天之木铎”，是当时社会上的最博学者之一，被后世统治者尊为孔圣人、至圣、至圣先师、大成至圣文宣王先师、万世师表。其儒家思想对中国和世界都有深远的影响，孔子被列为“世界十大文化名人”之首。随着孔子影响力的扩大，祭祀孔子的“祭孔大典”也一度成为和中国祖先神祭祀同等级别的“大祀”。

The philosophy of Confucius, also known as Confucianism, emphasized personal and governmental morality, correctness of social relationships, justice and sincerity. His followers competed successfully with many other schools during the Hundred Schools of Thought era only to be suppressed in favor of the Legalists during the Qin Dynasty. Following the victory of Han over Chu after the collapse of Qin, Confucius's thoughts received official sanction and were further developed into a system known in the West as Neo-Confucianism, and later New Confucianism (Modern Neo-Confucianism).

Confucius is traditionally credited with having authored or edited many of the Chinese classic texts including all of the Five Classics, but modern scholars are cautious of attributing specific assertions to Confucius himself. Aphorisms concerning his teachings were compiled in the Analects, but only many years after his death.

Confucius's principles have commonality with Chinese tradition and belief. He championed strong family loyalty, ancestor veneration, and respect of elders by their children and of husbands by their wives, recommending family as a basis for ideal government. He espoused the well-known principle "Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself", the Golden Rule. He is also a traditional deity in Daoism.

Throughout history, Confucius is widely considered as one of the most important and influential individuals in affecting the lives of humanity. His teaching and philosophy greatly impacted people around the world and still linger in today's society.